Judgment, Not Analysis

Black-and-white photo of a bearded man in sunglasses turning to look back over his shoulder in a crowded stone street

Seen in the Crowd. Setting our analysis aside, we will move past those labels until we finally encounter the person who is waiting for us. Photo, Paul Kramer /Unsplash.

“A judgment is the one word in which we feel known—recognized—at the deepest level, a word so true that it takes concrete form in glances and gestures of attention that reveal who we are.”
— Cesare Maria Cornaggia and Pier Luigi Banna
Pierluigi Banna - Cesare Maria Cornaggia Judgment, Not Analysis

Pierluigi Banna | Cesare Maria Cornaggia - Before we condemn or excuse, Nathanael’s story asks whether we have truly seen anyone.

In recent days, as protests have disrupted public order, it seemed we had to take sides before anything else: “condemn” or “listen,” “understand” or “crack down.” It was easy to fall for judgments that seemed to bring the situation into focus. For a moment, at least, we were flattered by the idea that understanding could begin only with a “clear and distinct judgment.” Then we realized it was a defense mechanism, a way of avoiding real engagement with what lay in front of us and underneath it. Taking a stance wasn’t a “judgment” at all. It was an “analysis,” good for winning arguments and reassuring ourselves, and little else.

To grasp the difference between “judgment” and “analysis,” we went back to a scene in the Gospel. Jesus sees Nathanael coming toward Him. He doesn’t set him straight—“I know you’re suspicious of anyone from Nazareth. You’re trapped in your prejudices, and you need to change.” He simply looks at him and says, “Here is a true child of Israel. There is no duplicity in him”. Did Jesus hold back from giving a “clear and distinct judgment” on a man who distrusted Him? Did He compromise—or worse, tell a convenient lie—to win over a future disciple?

Neither. He didn’t respond with an “analysis” of Nathanael’s behavior. He offered a true “judgment,” born of looking deeply and fully into the soul of the man in front of Him. Nathanael’s reaction proves that Jesus had grasped the truth of who he was. “How do you know me?” he asks at once. And Jesus answers, “Before Philip called you, I saw you under the fig tree.”

That is how you know a “judgment” is true, and why we have to learn to tell it apart from “analysis.” “Judgment” is the one word in which we feel known—recognized—at the deepest level, a word so true that it takes concrete form in glances and gestures of attention that reveal who we are. “Analysis” of behavior is a smarter form of commentary. It never goes deep enough to grasp the truth of another person; it stops at approval or condemnation.

The person on the receiving end senses the difference instinctively, often right away, between true, compassionate “judgments” and partial “analyses” that too often push people apart. “Analysis” leaves people feeling enslaved by their own behavior, exposed to the gaze and verdict of others, because it reduces them to an object to approve of, not a unique and new reality to encounter. A true “judgment” does the opposite. It sets us free and opens our horizons, because, as with Nathanael, it goes to the root of where we come from and who we are.

That’s why confusing “analysis” with “judgment” is no small thing. All too often, as we can see, it breeds dependence and violence, even abuse. People who live under the pressure of an “analysis” inevitably feel at fault. They keep justifying their behavior to win the other’s approval or to escape a condemnation that is always hanging over them. Don’t our community life, the Christian message itself, and even our closest relationships so often get put to this test of approval? No wonder, then, that the violence of such an “analysis” can, in time, give way to the violence of rebellion. People see no other way to express themselves than to overturn that “analysis”—with another “analysis.” That’s what we’re seeing at various levels of society.

“Judgment,” on the other hand, is the word that springs from the heart beneath the rubble of ideas, hierarchies, and behaviors, and doesn’t stop until it reaches the heart of the other and brings it back to life. Maybe then we’ll stop talking about “young people,” “maranza,” “casseurs,” and “cops.” Setting our “analyses” aside, we’ll move past those labels until we finally encounter the person who is waiting for us.

Faced with Jesus’ “judgment,” Nathanael saw that Jesus wanted only to encounter him as a person—without pigeonholing him or measuring him against His own standards, the very thing Nathanael had done to the one he went out to meet. Before a true “judgment,” every defense crumbles, and all we experience is the presence of the person in front of us, with all his humanity, especially in the face of our mistakes. He is a true father. Only then do words become a balm for a wounded, frightened soul. We see it in people who look for healing or comfort and find themselves reborn—not through an “analysis” of their behavior, but in the freedom of being understood by a “judgment” that goes straight to the heart (heart-felt).

That’s why only “judgment” is true fatherhood: through that good and heart-felt gaze, it introduces the other to total reality and to the ultimate meaning of the self. And that gaze can be what it is only if it is the same gaze the one who looks has felt upon himself, the gaze that generated him. Not once, long ago, but in the experience he keeps living today, which regenerates him every time.

Pierluigi Banna

Pierluigi Banna, born in 1984, is an Italian Catholic theologian and clergyman. He holds a PhD in Systematic Theology and History, teaching at the Faculty of Theology of Northern Italy and Catholic University in Milan. Banna's research focuses on patristics and early Christianity's relationship with ancient philosophy. He actively contributes to academic discourse, exploring faith, reason, and contemporary cultural issues.

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