The Architecture of Belonging

True belonging is not a fortress of exclusion, but a basis of encounter; a healthy identity does not fear the other, but is strengthened by them
— Patriarch of Jerusalem, PierBattista Pizzaballa
The Architecture of Belonging
Patriarch of Jerusalem PierBattista Pizzaballa

Cardinal Pizzaballa on purifying faith in a divided land - New York Encounter Opening Speech.

Greetings from Jerusalem to the New York Encounter. Thank you again for the invitation. I am sorry I cannot be there in person, but as you can imagine, New York isn’t just around the corner, so traveling there is no simple feat.

The theme of your meeting this year concerns "belonging," which is a very difficult word here. It is frequently used, often abused, highly complicated, and deeply demanding—even painful. In this region, belonging is often inseparable from struggle, conflict, and war.

Here, belonging is viewed as something exclusive rather than inclusive. It is defined by: "The land belongs to me. I belong to the land. This is for me, not for you." Quite often I hear people say, "You are welcome here as a Christian, or as a man," implying that as a Christian, I don't truly "belong" to this place, this history, or this land in the same way.

Many settlers—not all, of course, we cannot generalize—claim the land belongs to them because they believe it was given to them by God, as written in the Bible. Conversely, Palestinians say, "This land belongs to us; we have been born here for generations. We don't understand why we should have to leave." This argument is a never-ending story. Unfortunately, religion is often manipulated to justify this exclusive sense of belonging.

The question of "place" is tied to this. "This is my place—me and no one else." This is the broken record we keep hearing. Tragically, this is not new. The human devastation we are witnessing today is the consequence of an attitude that has bred hatred, contempt, exclusion, and a profound mistrust between Israelis and Palestinians. Belonging has become a casualty of these cultural, religious, and political struggles. It is difficult to "purify" this concept from the trauma we are currently living through.

I’ll start with something personal: To whom do I belong? I often say in my homilies that we, as Christians, should demonstrate our belonging through our lifestyle. We belong to Jesus. Faith-based belonging must become a way of being. I believe that a strong sense of belonging allows you to welcome the presence of others with a freedom that a "weak" belonging does not permit.

If your identity is secure, you can engage in dialogue. If your belonging is weak, you become rigid and aggressive, feeling that others are a threat. Here, belonging is often overshadowed by fear. People feel that "the other" takes something away from them. But if your belonging is healthy and strong, the "other" can only strengthen your identity; they cannot take anything away from your faith or your place in the world.

My first consideration is this: we must clarify, through faith, to whom we belong. Our relationship with Jesus Christ must be purified. Belonging to Him does not exclude others; rather, it allows them to interact with me. I am not speaking of proselytism or syncretism. A faith that is healthily and wisely rooted becomes a source of serene relationship—not one lived in the shadow of fear.

In our current context, faith is often polluted by political views. It is sometimes hard to distinguish between faith, politics, and social identity. In the last two years, the concept of belonging has been deeply wounded. After October 7th, Israelis felt their belonging to the land was threatened by Palestinians and radical movements. Palestinians feel their belonging is threatened by a desire to displace them. We are all held hostage by these stereotypes and fears.

We must ask ourselves: where do we start over? I believe we must start by purifying our faith—discerning what is truly from God and what is merely our own human construct, culture, or social context. This is not a "one and done" task; every day we must ask, "What is of God, and what is mine?"

When this is clarified, our language and our narratives will change. This is urgent. Right now, different identities—Palestinian, Israeli, Christian, Muslim, Jewish—are being pitted against one another. This is the exact opposite of what should happen.

As the Church of Jerusalem, we must specify what it means to belong to Jesus. I tell our community: we must show who we are through our style of life. Christian faith is not just a moral code; it is a way of existing in this reality. In a place where belonging is such a wounded concept, we must model a different way of belonging—to Jesus, to this land, and to these cultures.

As Christians, we are a small minority. Usually, a minority feels threatened. But I keep saying that being a minority is not a tragedy. What matters is having something to contribute—culturally, socially, and politically. Interaction with the "other" only strengthens my faith. When I truly know the other, they are no longer a mystery or a threat to be feared. This is how we neutralize fear.

We have one land, two peoples, and three faiths. Their concepts of belonging do not currently fit together. The land is at the heart of the conflict. But if our belonging were serene rather than fear-based, the "place" would become less dramatic. Look at Gaza—the destruction is not just physical; it is in the narrative of the war. We must go back to the source and nurture a belonging where the "other" is not a threat to my dwelling, but a help to my development.

In Western countries, identity is often blurred. Here, boundaries are very well-defined. My Christian identity is defined by the presence of Muslims and Jews who are different from me. They help me define who I am. Once those boundaries are secure, I can choose to cross them to meet the other. Meeting someone else doesn't erase my boundaries; it enriches what is inside them.

In conclusion: belonging can be a weapon used against others, or an instrument to build with them. It depends on whether our relationship with God opens or closes our hearts. A meeting with God should never close a heart. If our faith is used only to justify political visions or fear, then our boundaries become barriers.

It seems we are currently living behind barriers. This is where the Church comes in. Jesus opened our hearts to a universal vision. In Christ, we are one. This union does not cancel our cultures—we remain Arab, Hebrew, or Greek—but our approach to the "other" changes completely.

There is no "neutral" belonging. We are incarnated in a place. But our identities should not be fortresses; they should be the basis of encounter. My prayer is that the Church in this land can be a "small remnant" that models this. We claim this place because of Jesus, and that belonging is open to all. I hope we can instill this in our schools and hospitals: that belonging is positive when rooted in a purified faith and a common humanity. This land has a vocation to announce to the whole universe: love God, and in God, love each other.

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Awakening the Sleeping Heart

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The Heart of Authority