Be Bored, and Stay There

A person sits alone on a bench in an empty landscape, black and white, evoking boredom as a source of creativity

That bench isn't just a few planks nailed together." Giulio Zambon on why lingering over ordinary things opens an abyss — just a crack. Photo: Fer Troulik / Unsplash

Boredom is the same condition children are in when they play. You do the same thing over and over until it stops being just that thing — and in the repetition, new worlds open up.
— Giulio Zambon, literature teacher and poet.
Federico Giorgetti | Giulio Zambon Be bored and stay there

Federico Giorgetti - Poet Giulio Zambon on childhood, grief, and why great writing is "disgustingly provincial"

A literature teacher and poet, Giulio Zambon has spent the past few years posting videos about the texts that move him. Today he speaks to more than 140,000 people in a conversation that starts with the giants of Italian literature and ends up in his own questions and wounds.

Giulio Zambon is twenty-eight, though you might guess a few years more. He teaches literature in Ferrara, and for some time now he has been sharing on social media whatever moves him—mostly poetry and literary prose. He has more than 140,000 followers, and this past February he published Le parole affilate ("Sharpened Words"): In the Footsteps of Dante and the Greats of Literature, Rediscovering Ourselves, billed as "the first book by the teacher-poet." Yes, because Giulio is a poet, too. His Instagram bio, in fact, reads "poet and little else." He flashes a smile after every question we ask. We talk about literature, poetry, salvation with a woman's face, his posts and what they're worth. Before the interview, he spends a good ten minutes asking about Páginas Digital—he wants to know more. He practically interviews us. In the end, he's the one who has to say, "All right, now I'll let you do your job." Let's begin.

Let's start with a post. Before this past Christmas break, you gave your students—and the rest of us—a single assignment: "Be bored, and don't go looking for a way out of it." Why does boredom matter?

It's fairly simple, really. I feel that we're constantly looking for an escape hatch from this condition that seems so hateful and hopeless—boredom, limbo, having nothing to do. And I've come to see that it's the same condition children are in when they play.

I once spent whole afternoons skipping stones on the river, and when the game ran out, something else would open up. That's productive boredom: the boredom in which you do the same thing over and over until that thing stops being just that thing, and in the repetition new worlds open up, a new kind of creativity.

There's a dimension in which it's as if you were suspended above things. In an essay on Leopardi, Pascoli tries to define the poet as someone who senses the tremors in the ether—the substance the void is made of. So perhaps in that state of boredom we actually become aware of those very tremors. When I watch children play, I notice how serious they are. A child's real play is profoundly serious. That dimension of play is the dimension of boredom we keep trying to escape—and I know I'm doing it when I catch my thumb going straight to where Instagram sits on the screen. We have to resist, quietly and fiercely. I have to, or I don't feel right.

Why is poetry your language? And is it still a universal language?

Poetry is my language because of my limitations. I lean on poetry the way you lean on a cane—it props up my own limp. It isn't a quality to be proud of, after all. It's my language because I'm not capable of seeing things any other way. It's a broken language, one that fixes on a single thing and shuts out everything else. I've been trying to write a novel for about a year, and I've discovered how hard it is to take up a looser, more conversational style. Poetry is a flaw. I see a park bench or hear an ABBA song and I feel like crying. That's the limp showing. In the end it's a way of being in the world, and often an unsustainable one. But I don't know whether poetry should have—or be—a universal language. Poetry isn't universal; it's tremendously provincial. That provincialism happens to speak a universal language is another matter. Universal poetry is bad poetry. The advice I give myself and other writers isn't to try to be universal, but to be disgustingly provincial.

It seems to me that during the day, when something catches your eye, you stop, almost in awe. I'd like to know what's happening in those moments when we stop, because I think they say a lot about who we are.

In those moments a bond of belonging forms between you and things. It's like running into a stranger you're sure you've seen somewhere before—and it turns out to be a kid who went to preschool or grade school with you. It's that act of recognition, which objectively has nothing to offer you. And what do all these things say to me? They always take me back to my childhood: something apparently lost that suddenly comes back, because there's an abyss inside everything. If we linger over something longer than we should—and this is the important part—that abyss opens just a crack. It's like taking a plain word and repeating it over and over: it empties out of meaning and fills up with something else. That bench isn't just a few planks nailed together. Maybe what comes back is all the melancholy and nostalgia we carry, that whole sense of the infinite reaching us from the past. I think childhood and youth are bottomless cauldrons; the whole point is to keep re-creating that one thing.

In another post you write: "If I'm not posting, it means I'm writing a lot and I'm doing well." So what is a post worth?

Given the kind of profile I have, I sometimes feel the responsibility and the weight of a post—of having to say something, or at least of not letting the silence take over. That's not a good thing, honestly, because I should feel free to do what I want, and the mechanics of social media often don't allow it. Sometimes I go a week without posting and tell myself I'm leaving a lot of opportunities on the table—but they're opportunities tied up with the world's trivial noise. I could pick up a little more visibility, I tell myself. And I do have to factor that in, because part of the reason my writing is being published at all is those same lousy social media mechanics. When a few of my videos went viral, I got dozens of offers from major publishing houses. All of it, unfortunately, came from there. I can't bite the hand that has fed me this long, but I'll admit it becomes a burden sometimes. So yes: if I'm not posting, I'm writing, because a video takes me at least three hours and I'd rather give that time to something else. And then there are days when I burn an hour on a single Instagram Story because I can't decide whether to put a white border around the text, or I don't like the framing, or the T-shirt I'm wearing looks wrong. Some days all of this carries an unbearable, outsized weight; other days it feels like nothing at all.

Maybe the only hope, Giulio, is to catch yourself doing it. It takes courage to make room for that discomfort.

You're right. First of all, you have to notice.

In the preface to your book you write: "Those we call the great ones have gone ahead of us, showing us that the path exists even when the darkness is thick and past understanding, even when the fear is real—but with the promise that at the end of the road there are words and their light, and everything words can name." Giulio, what does that path mean to you today?

Here's the point: the great ones who came before us went through a lot of shit. And it's beautiful to see how they came out of it through writing—not in any therapeutic sense; I just mean watching how writing kept them company on the way. For the past year and a half I've been trying to make sense of my father's death.

Writing won't tell me why—it can't—but it will give me very precise words for all of it. That's all we get: words that keep getting more precise. And for me, being able to find ever more precise words for the fine hair on the back of my father's neck when he was young—that is eternity. Because my father is reborn in that fine hair, the way so many things are reborn. That's my path.

Back to the book. In the chapter on Leopardi you ask the reader: "Do you ever feel shipwrecked, adrift? Tossed by waves bigger than you are, in a direction you didn't exactly choose?" Let me put the question to you.

I was a little dishonest there.

I ask the question, but I don't often find myself in that situation. I'm no superhero, but I've noticed that I stay almost indifferent to whatever happens to me. It isn't the indifference of not caring—I just rarely take things with regret or frustration. I'm a bit like one of those helicopter seeds off a maple, spinning down whichever way the air takes it. I can't tell when I'm being tossed around. What really comes to my rescue is a deep faith: I know that somehow I'll adjust. Even with my father's death, which obviously changed my life, I feel I've been able to change and reshape myself. That sense of being tossed around belongs much more to my younger years. There's a calm in me I can't explain.

In the book, when you talk about people who write for a living, you sometimes use "we." "We must." It stopped me, because as I was reading I asked myself, "Does he count me as a writer?"

I've run out of patience with people who won't take the responsibility—or don't have the nerve—to call themselves writers or poets. Is there a license for it? A professional registry? A Nobel Prize? If we write, we're writers, period. Let's stop letting ourselves into and out of some club. Maybe you've written a bad, shoddy poem, but it's still a poem. Being a poet doesn't raise you above anything; on the contrary, it's a shortcoming, as I said. Let's go ahead and consider ourselves writers and poets. The book means to talk back to the greats and turn the spotlight on the reader. We're the ones who make poetry, not the dead. Why shouldn't we imagine writing something that measures up to Leopardi or Petrarch—or gets past them? They're human beings, just like us. Sure, there's a certain sacredness about them, but at some point we have to roll up our sleeves and get our hands dirty; otherwise we're only scholars or critics. And I'm not a critic.

In the chapter on Dante you talk a great deal about being looked at. You write: "Salvation looks a lot like a passerby who looks at us and keeps looking at us, and who cares about our life." Have you found that salvation?

Yes, absolutely. That salvation has taken the form of a person: the love of my life. When that happens, you have everything. Not because another mortal, finite creature can be responsible for your salvation, but because that person points to something beyond herself.

She's a reflection. She's the one who let me discover who God is and what faith is. Someone who doesn't just see you but looks at you, and goes on looking—when you've done nothing to earn that kind of attention. When something good happens, we tell each other, "You deserve it." But it's easy to be handed what you've earned. The astonishing thing is when something beautiful happens and you haven't earned it at all. That's how it works in poetry: the word arrives when you least expect it, and then you have to take care of it. It's the same with people.

We love what we haven't earned. More than that, we love because we are loved—we can only love if someone loves us first. Ask any child.

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