Still Today?

A happy life is not the life we imagine: content, blissful, comfortable. A happy life is a life spent, given away, for One who goes so far as to die in order to give new life to your freedom.
— Don Pierluigi Banna, on Luigi Giussani's At the Origin of the Christian Claim
Still today?
Pierluigi Banna

Pierluigi Banna - Still today? The Living Claim at the Heart of Christianity.

An introduction to Luigi Giussani's "At the origin of the Christian claim".
A provocative evening, exploring why the Christian claim still matters - through the lens of Luigi Giussani's method, and the lived experience of encounter, freedom, and an irreducible hunger for happiness.

Moderator — Andrea Franchi (“Branco")

Welcome, everyone.

Tonight's gathering falls, as it has for many years now, in the week when we remember Don Giussani's passing. This year, among the various events we planned, we decided to offer an introduction to Don Giussani's book At the Origin of the Christian Claim. For those who belong to the movement of Communion and Liberation, this is the book we began working on this year and will continue working on throughout the year.

We asked two friends—I'll take the liberty of calling them that—to introduce us to the book and share the personal impact it made on them: Don Angelo, the provost of Abbiategrasso, and Don Pierluigi Banna (Don Pigi). I want to thank them both right now for accepting our invitation.

Let's open the evening with a song—a very beautiful song. I invite you to listen carefully, keeping an ear on the lyrics, because it's as if the song gives us the keynote for approaching Giussani's book.

[The song "Non esisto" by Ornella Vanoni English lyrics.]

Moderator

Don Angelo, what impact did reading the book have on you—also with respect to Don Giussani as a figure? The full 360 degrees.

Don Angelo

Let's say 360 degrees. I had already told Branco that I wouldn't give a proper talk, but rather a greeting. A full talk seemed like too much, especially alongside Don Pierluigi—next to him, I'd vanish. I have no pretensions.

But let me share something that might strike you as ordinary, though it matters deeply to me. Actually, three reasons why, when I was asked to participate in an evening like this, I gladly said yes. I don't like to hide behind appearances, so I'd rather be very honest: my story doesn't belong to the history of the Movement, and, frankly, our paths haven't crossed all that much.

Some of my fellow parishioners and friends, seeing the flyer, sent me a teasing bit of advice: "Cut and run." But I don't think there's anything to cut or run from. I said yes with pleasure, and for three reasons.

The first is this: over time, I've had occasion to read some of Giussani's work—I don't know his entire body of writing, and I say that candidly—but above all, I've seen in the lives of so many people, so many friends, the fruitful result of his witness and his thought. That left a mark on me, and I recognize it. What always struck me was his capacity to take the human person seriously—the whole of the human.

I remember Benedict XVI's homily at his funeral: it opened by speaking of beauty, highlighting how one of the defining traits of Don Luigi's life was his desire to seek, in beauty, the One who is truly the origin of all beauty. And you could say the same about so many other things: justice, truth… This being profoundly centered on Jesus Christ, with his gaze constantly turned toward Him, made Giussani capable of taking the human person seriously—with all of his questions, his searching, his desires, his needs, his expectations.

This strikes me as a deeply fruitful path. I notice it more and more. Sometimes I get the impression that, as a Church, we keep repeating the same old scripts—maybe because we don't take the human seriously enough, with all of his questions, all the way down. We show up with prepackaged frameworks, already knowing what we're supposed to say, instead of truly listening to the longings and desires of the people in front of us. But when the gaze is fixed on Christ, it can reach those longings at their deepest root.

That's the first reason I gladly said yes and gladly take part in this evening.

The second reason is very concrete—but life is also made of concrete experiences. During my previous assignments, I encountered people who, starting from this experience of faith born in this context, had matured into a genuine journey of encounter with the Lord: a desire for conversion, a real experience of friendship and fraternity.

I believe this is the heart of the Church's life, and therefore it cannot pass by in total indifference. It's something that strikes you deeply, makes you reflect, and tells you: here is a place, a possibility, a precious occasion where the experience of encountering the Lord, encountering Jesus, can truly shape a life and be placed at the center—the center of existence.

Now to the third point. I thought long and hard about whether to say this, but allow me to share it.

I'm someone who stands a bit outside all the internal questions… and, for goodness' sake, I have nothing to teach anyone. But what has always struck me about the Movement is that wherever there was an invitation, a gathering, an event, in the end everyone showed up—or at least a great many did. This deep sense of belonging and unity!

I repeat: I don't want to make any pointed references of any kind. I know this is a somewhat trying time. But let me say this—and it was a remark by Archbishop Scola that helped me understand it when he arrived in the diocese. I looked at him with a certain suspicion, I won't hide it—perhaps like many of my fellow priests. By the end of his ministry, though, I have to acknowledge that he left a profound mark: of great humanity, great intelligence, a deeply pastoral heart.

One episode struck me greatly. At a meeting of the clergy, he once made an observation clearly shaped by Giussani's thought: unity can be pursued in many ways—as a form of ideology you cling to desperately, as a form of enforced groupthink.

But for us Christians, it's not like that. Unity is born from a fact. Communion is not something we manufacture. To use an image: it's a communion that always precedes us. It's a given that doesn't need to be immediately constructed—it only needs to be recognized as a gift.

I have always connected this deep sense of unity within the Movement—which, at this moment, I repeat, is going through its struggles, as the world is, as we all are, as the Church well knows—precisely to this fact: to the recognition of a communion that precedes us.

Recognizing a communion that precedes us is the foundation of a unity that's actually possible—of a journey made together, of a recognition of what is already there, what you didn't give yourself. It won't be your efforts, your abilities, and certainly not the pressure to all conform, that make it work. This has always made me think deeply.

And it seems to me that, despite everything, the sign of so many people who, on a Carnival evening—when the rest of the world is caught up in something else entirely—gather to reflect on their own lives and on the One who marks those lives in a profound and serious way, is a powerful sign. It tells you that this unity is possible precisely because it precedes us: we don't manufacture it, and it asks to be recognized as a gift.

For these three reasons, I say thank you for tonight's invitation. I'm grateful for what Don Pierluigi will share with us. On my part, there is only learning to be done, without any pretension. And since this was announced as a greeting—I greet you all warmly. Thank you.

Moderator

Let's turn now to Don Pierluigi: what is this Christian claim, and above all, what is its origin?

Don Pierluigi Banna (Don Pigi)

The book was published several decades ago, so some of you may have already read it, and as Branco mentioned at the start, it will form the backbone of the journey for many people in the Movement over the coming months. So let me ask: what's the point of presenting it?

To present At the Origin of the Christian Claim nearly thirty years after its first edition is an act of gratitude for what this book, and above all its author, has already done in my life and in the lives of so many others. This presentation is, first of all, an act of gratitude toward the path proposed by Don Giussani—a path that has already generated so much, and that can generate still more in whoever reads this book. Because this isn't simply a book to devour like a new release. It's more like a fine aged wine—to be sipped and savored.

I'm going to lay out five points of Giussani's method as they emerge in this book, because I believe that restating these points can still help us discover riches that were given to Don Giussani—riches that we, who think we already know him, have yet to uncover. The potential of a genius only reveals itself over time, in the encounter with other people—including those outside his immediate circle—who belong to different generations and bring ever-new questions and provocations.

1. Still Today?

Still today, more than two thousand years later, are there really people who believe in Jesus Christ? Can there still be people who believe in Jesus Christ the way the first followers did—with the same certainty, the same enthusiasm, the same liveliness. ?

 In a nutshell, the content of this book sets out to answer this question: is it possible, still today, to live with the same certainty, the same enthusiasm, the same vibrancy of the faith the apostles lived?

 Christianity has certainly left its stamp on our history. The names of our piazzas, our streets, bear the mark of the Christian story. The geography of our cities almost always places the bell tower of a church at the center. Nearly all of our given names are saints' names, and we mark time itself according to the life of Jesus. These past few days, across the Western world, Carnival ended and Lent began. The rhythm of the calendar is bound to the life, death, and Resurrection of Jesus.

All of this, however, doesn't automatically carry the vibrancy, the enthusiasm, the certainty the apostles had. It's our history, sure—and Plato said we should believe in traditions not because they're true, but because they've been handed down to us(1). So if you grew up in a Christian tradition, if you live in a Christian context, you don't necessarily believe it, but you know it and you respect it. Giussani, at a certain point in this book, says this posture might correspond to a kind of "Christian troop" (2) —people who live the tradition connected to Jesus much like any other religion, no more and no less. A tradition with its myths, its rites, its symbols, its exhilarating experiences for facing pain and for facing joy.

And yet, Christianity still today has the audacity to claim it is not a story like all others, not a religion like all others that happened to shape our history. If you think about it, the discovery of gravity also changed our lives. The smartphone changed our lives. Artificial intelligence is changing our lives right now—but none of these things give life its meaning.

Instead, as Giussani writes in the preface, "this volume intends to illustrate the ways in which one can consciously and reasonably adhere to Christianity." (3) Consciously and reasonably—in the way the apostles found in Christ the reason for their lives.

But how do we keep Christianity, still today, from being reduced to something that belongs to the past?

The path is deeply human—just as it was for the apostles: "taking into account," Giussani continues, "real experience. This is the reason why a person can believe in Christ. [What is the reason?] The profound, humanly reasonable Correspondence between the person's own needs and the Event of the man Jesus of Nazareth." (4)

Here we find the first methodological clue. A fact from the past—one that has marked our history, shaped our geography, touched our personal biography—can still be irrelevant, can still fail to bring life, conviction, certainty (the way it did for the apostles), as long as it hasn't happened again today that this fact touches, in a way that corresponds to, our deepest human needs.

2. Still Today: An Exceptional Fact

For the same experience the apostles had to happen to us still today, something has to take place in our lives the way it took place in theirs: an exceptional fact. The apostles weren't scholars. They weren't men of letters. They weren't the holiest men of their world. They were workers to whom, one day, something exceptional happened: they met a man.

Over time, certainty will rise in us too—if the Christian tradition we were told about, the one we heard described even with great passion, but which could so easily be reduced to a myth, at a certain point in our lives becomes a fact. A fact that we can only do one thing with, when it comes time to speak of it: tell the story.

It was about four in the afternoon when John and Andrew went to the house of Jesus (5)—and the fact they had to tell was so exceptional that it upended their lives. Every person who still today believes in Christ has facts to tell—exceptional facts.

On this point—Christianity as a fact—Giussani insists powerfully in the first part of the book, because so often we neglect to tell facts first, the way the beautiful book Amati, written in part by Branco, does. (6) That entire book overflows with facts that changed people's lives and marked their histories.

Giussani states right at the beginning of the first chapter: "Christ presents Himself as the answer to what I am. [He presents Himself as a present reality.] And only a careful—even tender and passionate—awareness of myself can open me up and dispose me to recognize, to admire, to thank, to live Christ." And what's the proof that I am living Christ? The sentence he adds immediately: "Without this awareness, even that of Christ becomes a mere name." (7)

A mere name, like the names written on the plaques of our piazzas. So, for it not to become a mere name, you need this vigilant, attentive, tender, passionate heart. In fact, let me add something the early chapters make explicit: Christ, in order to be recognized, demanded a vigilant heart in front of Him. What does He say to His disciples the moment He meets them? "What are you looking for?" (8) He doesn't ask them, "What do you believe?" and He doesn't ask, "What have you done?" He asks, "What are you looking for?"—as if to say, "Where is your heart?" so that they could discover in Him the treasure of their lives.

If each of us tries to identify when that present fact happened, that present Encounter that made Christianity interesting for our life—each of you, try to think of it—you'll find these characteristics. It's a person who talks about God as something concrete and who handles your heart with a familiarity that you yourself don't even possess. This was the experience the first followers had with Jesus.

A man who spoke of God and of the Kingdom of God as of a nearby Father—Someone to be discovered lurking behind the fold of every single thing. More concrete than that, you can't get. No one had ever spoken of God this way, with this authority.(9) And yet Jesus wasn't someone who only talked about God. Because His way of talking about God was bound up, inseparably, with the way He treated every person He met. It's as if the "I" of each person had no veils before Him.(10) To understand the relationship Jesus has with the Father, to understand who Jesus is, I have to understand why He has this intimacy with me, with my "I."

As life goes on, the Presence of Jesus—the fact that He is present, that He is alive—becomes more and more identified with the encounter with living humanity. The more you see life truly living, vibrating before your eyes, the more you understand that this has to do with God, with the Presence of God—that is, with Christ. It is this life that makes that past fact still exceptional today.

3. Over Time: A Recognition

There's another step that allows our faith to be like the apostles'. From the very first instant, you sense that this person you met, that moment you shared with them, carried within it the imprint of God—precisely because of how seriously it took your humanity. But to understand the power of that fact, the reach of that fact, takes a whole lifetime—just like the greatest love stories.

We could, in fact, reread the Gospels this way. How many times, as the book affirms, the disciples "believed in Him."(11) Faith isn't acquired like mathematical knowledge: once you know it, there's no going back. It's something that, if you don't renew it every day, you stop tasting it. It goes stale, and you risk losing it. As in love—it's not enough to say "I love you" once. When you start taking it for granted or get tired of saying it, you stop tasting love. Something has broken.

It is only the repetition over time of that Correspondence—which marked from the very first day the indelible trace of that truth—that deepens certainty. After all, this is the description of the experience by which we reach moral certainty about the people who love us. Only a life lived together over time, only the space given to the recurrence of decisive gestures, brings reason to converge toward a certainty: "I cannot do anything but trust this person."

I'll quote Giussani directly: "When you encounter a person who is important for your life, there is always a first moment in which you sense it: 'It's him!' Something inside you is cornered by the evidence of an inescapable recognition: 'There—it's him! There—it's her!' But only the space given to the recurrence of this evidence loads that first impression with existential weight. Only living together, that is, makes it sink ever more radically, more deeply into us, until at a certain point it becomes certainty."(12)

The nature of Christianity is that of a fact which, once it takes hold of your life, doesn't immediately demand a blind allegiance—"either with me or against me." Once it takes hold of your life, as we well know, this fact never stops courting you—especially when you drift away from it. And this is the same experience the apostles had.

They could see that Jesus had only one concern when it came to them: the time their freedom needed. Giussani writes: "God tends to value the position in which our freedom has previously placed itself; the way God treats us follows a decision already taken by our freedom, compelling it to reveal more clearly what it is willing to do."(13) God's passion is not to make everyone uniform, not to set a bar under which we all have to fit.

God's passion—the one we are all called to tend toward—is to value the journey of each person's freedom. If you're at one, He values that one, and let's see what step you can take from there. If you're at a hundred, that's a greatness for everyone, and let's see what step you can take from there. That's how Jesus treated His disciples, and that's how He continues to treat us.

Over time, the apostles see constantly how He does everything—the astounding miracles and the illuminating words—with a single aim: to wait for their "yes," full of human conviction. Because it is only by passing through their freedom that His disciples will be able to share in His joy.(14) His joy, in fact, is the joy of a personality totally fulfilled before God—one with Him. In the same way, He desires for each person He loves a personality that is full—that is, with all of one's heart, reason, and freedom, standing before God.

What happens over time to those who follow Him? They don't learn formulas. They become increasingly aware of their own disproportion in relation to Him. They realize they are truly people of little faith. And precisely when they think they're ready to lay down their lives for Him, they find themselves totally in the grip of fear, totally fragile. And yet, it's precisely the experience of this fragility that, over time, only increases the certainty that this man kept astonishing them, kept relaunching them, kept leaving them breathless.

This astonishment expanded their affection. It made their human attachment grow. This is the human journey that, over time, brought the people who followed Jesus—and then the people who came after them—to make those colossal declarations of faith: "You are the Christ of God, the Son of the living God. If I leave You, where would I go? You alone have words that carry real life." The words of real life are the words that give life without end—eternal life. (15) And so, after them, these declarations brought others to say with their whole being: "Lord Jesus Christ, have mercy on me—because I don't know how to forgive myself, but You can forgive me."

Reading this book, you'll see how certainty grows over time—and Jesus wants this time, creates this time, so that each of us might acquire certainty. All the beautiful formulas of faith handed down to us by the Christian tradition are the fruit of this human journey. The Word of God, the Creed, all the formulas of the liturgy—they often mean nothing to us, or seem completely abstract, or disconnected from life, or stuff for fanatics.

But if you enter into this journey of faith, you discover that every single one of these formulas is the fruit of a love that is growing toward Christ. And it is stunning to be able to discover the tradition of the Church this way: not as grandmother's jewels that you know are valuable but find ugly—but as the expression of a love that, the more I mature, the more I grasp its value, because I too am making, with my freedom, the same journey the saints made in order to pronounce those words.

For example, some words and some elements of the Mass I still don't understand—just as Peter didn't understand everything about Jesus. But the astonishment that grows day after day, seeing these living facts by which He wins me over, makes me say: "I don't understand, but I know it has to do with You, and I'm following You." I'm like a child who follows his father around and imitates the gestures of the work even though he doesn't accomplish anything useful.

In this way, we too fall in step behind the apostles, and what would have been merely a schema from the past becomes alive for us. And so the definitions are not pills to be swallowed, even if we don't understand them, but rather "they formulate a conquest already achieved"—they formulate this journey of faith and knowledge. "Otherwise, it would be the imposition of a schema."(16)

4. With a Single Aim: Our Happiness

Giussani describes how a question was born in those who followed Jesus—who, full of awe, hung on His every word. The more they were astonished, the more they had a question: "Who are You?" The very people closest to Him couldn't figure out who this man was. They knew everything about Him, but the more they knew Him, the more details they learned, the more they marveled—and the less they could define Him. One thing, though, they could say: no one had ever loved them like this.

"Jesus demonstrates in His existence a passion for the individual, an impetus for the happiness of the individual that leads us to consider the value of the person as something incommensurable, irreducible." The problem of the world's existence—the reason God created the world—what is it? I wonder how each one of us would answer, looking Christ straight in the face. Listen to Giussani's answer: "The problem of the world's existence is the happiness of the individual person. 'What profit would there be for a man to gain the whole world and forfeit his soul? Or what can a man give in exchange for his soul?'"(17)

In the end, this is the reason that great revolution called Christianity began—the reason that fact entered history and has refused to leave it in peace to this day: the happiness of the individual person. The human person keeps searching for happiness, keeps feeling those needs that stir him, move him, and ultimately drive him to seek the meaning of his own existence. But human beings easily come to believe that, in order to reach this happiness, the first thing to sacrifice is themselves. After all, in chasing our images of happiness, look at how many disappointments we've racked up.

Christ came into the world to say to each person: "Look—you search for happiness because you are made well, and you don't have to sacrifice any part of yourself, because I made you this way, and you are worth more than the whole world. You are worth more than all the things in which you search for happiness, because you can possess things, but if you lose yourself, what will become of happiness? The greatest happiness is you—you, in relationship with Me."

Christ brought into the world the most uncomfortable thing imaginable, because there is nothing more anti-Christian than "comfortable," than "the quiet life."(18) In the lives of the apostles, as in the life of anyone whose faith is alive, certain, and passionate, Christ never again leaves the human heart in peace—because He continually invites it to be serious with itself, to refuse to treat itself as less than what it is, to look at itself as the greatest thing in this world, to stop kidding itself.

Whoever looks at their own humanity the way Christ looked at it discovers they are never alone—because they discover, at the bottom of their own heart, that Father of whom Jesus always speaks, of whom He Himself is the living Word. "Only in this way is loneliness eliminated," Giussani says. And each of you can think of your own attempts to eliminate loneliness.

"Only in this way is loneliness eliminated: in the discovery of being as love that gives itself continually." If Christ makes you discover that the deepest part of you is never alone—because you are a son, just as He is the Son of the Father—then there is no instant in your life, no matter how alone you might feel, in which you are truly alone. Giussani continues: "Existence is substantially realized as a dialogue with the great Presence that constitutes it—an inseparable companion. The companionship is within the 'I.' Nothing we do is done alone. Every human friendship is a reverberation of the original structure of being, and if it denies this, it puts its own truth at risk."

If a human friendship denies this original structure of being, it is not true friendship. What does that mean? It means that true friendship is what Christ brought: "In Jesus, the Emmanuel, the 'God with us,' the familiarity and dialogue with the One who creates us at every instant become not only an illuminating transparency, but a historical companionship." (19) In order for this loneliness to be truly broken, in order for this deep companionship at the bottom of my being to be expressed, I find, thanks to Christ, companions constantly placed at my side along the road: the Church.

The historical companionship of Christianity is the companionship that God comes to make with us through His Son and His Son's friends—that is, through this story that is the Church. It is a companionship of people who, concretely, constantly, in a thousand ways, make my life a dialogue with the Father. They make me realize that God is always with me.

5. Another as the Meaning of the Self

What is this happiness? What does it mean to live, all the way down, the companionship at the bottom of me that Christ has made me discover? It means I want to stay with this companionship forever. Because when I am with Him, I feel like myself. As Vanoni put it so simply in the song we listened to: "If you don't arrive, I don't exist." (20)

Giussani describes this experience by taking up Leopardi's poem To His Lady. (21)This man, tested by life and deeply sensitive—what does he imagine as the greatest thing that could happen to him? That Beauty—the Beauty that makes me at my core, the Beauty that sometimes never leaves me alone, so fierce is my nostalgia for it, the Beauty I miss every time I fail to reach happiness and seem to touch for a fleeting instant when I am happy, the Beauty of which I am made and for which I am made—would become the companion of my road.

The disciples left everything and followed Him (22) because they discovered that this man was God made companion to their lives. This was the thing most corresponding to their lives. There is nothing, in fact, more corresponding, more humanly desirable for our nature. What is most corresponding? Not only recognizing this Other who is present, but realizing that this Other—just as Leopardi longed for—makes Himself your companion on the road, takes an interest in your affairs, in your struggles. And then you have no other desire than to affirm this Other as the meaning of yourself.

This is the true nature of love. Not merely recognizing the Correspondence, but—by virtue of this Correspondence—affirming the Other as the meaning of yourself. To understand yourself, to keep from losing yourself, you give Him everything, you follow Him, full of amazement that He lowered Himself to your measure. (23) The impossible has happened.

I wish for anyone who takes up this book that they might relive in themselves the same journey the disciples made—the journey I've tried to sketch out this evening. A journey that, starting from a fact that happened, is profoundly human, profoundly reasonable, totally corresponding—to the point of making life happy. But a happy life is not the life we imagine: content, blissful, comfortable. A happy life is a life spent, given away, for One who goes so far as to die in order to give new life to your freedom.

Branco:

I have a question about a word you used at the very beginning—one of the first words you said—which is "method." In my experience, the encounter with Giussani was the encounter with the proposal of a method to be verified in life. I wanted to ask you: in your experience, what has it meant to discover and verify Don Giussani's method?

Don Pierluigi Banna

I've been a Christian since childhood. I understood my vocation clearly when I was eighteen. I entered the seminary at twenty-four, was ordained a priest at thirty, and earned a doctorate in theology at thirty-six. But none of this automatically produces the living certainty—the kind that gives life to life—that I've been talking about tonight.

What has continually given me certainty in my life—what has made me recognize Christ as something alive—has been encountering certain people, generated by the charism given to Don Giussani, who had a passion for helping me live the faith the way he did, with his same impetus, his same vibrancy.

What are the traits of this vibrancy? I've found them in people who are quite different from one another—more in some, less in others, each with his or her own temperament. All of them pushed me, first of all, not to be afraid to look at my own humanity—at the struggle I was going through.

In them there was a certainty that the very struggle I was living through—whether it was tied to a transition in life, to a weakness, or even, we might say today, to something of a psychological nature—carried a richness that should not be looked at with shame. And as I looked with interest, with passion, at that struggle, I realized that what they were bringing me, the Christ they spoke of, the faith they were living, was precisely what allowed me not to run away, and to grow in the face of those struggles.

Every time, this attitude left me speechless—because on my own, repeating phrases to myself, even rereading the Gospel, I couldn't manage to have this tenderness toward myself. For me, then, the method passes through the encounter with certain people who challenge your humanity like no one else and push you into this comparison between your humanity and what they carry, what they bear within themselves.

The most beautiful thing about the Christian method—and you can see it in Jesus Himself when you read the Gospels—is that these people didn't approach me as though they were dispensing teachings they had learned and I, as a newcomer, had to get on their track to absorb them. The most beautiful thing is seeing people who are moved by the journey you are making.

Because in your willingness to put yourself on the line, in your being moved, your enthusiasm, your astonishment, they themselves are, as it were, kneeling down and recognizing a Presence. When I read for the first time—and I confess I read it with real attention—the episode of the disciples on the road to Emmaus, when "their eyes were opened and they recognized Him,"(24) I thought: "This is what happened to me." I found before me people who were greater than I was, people who, moved by my need, recognized Christ present—and were themselves moved to see that I recognized Him.

Over time, this has become for me the method by which I face the greatest provocations life hands me—the ones other people bring to my door. Not because I'm able to resolve them—not at all—but because every time, I don't find a scandal in what they tell me, but an occasion to set out again myself and to see how, even in that hard, difficult, serious situation, Christ will find a way to make Himself present.

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[1] Cf. Plato, Timaeus 40de.

[2] Cf. L. Giussani, All’origine della pretesa cristiana, Bur, Milan 2025, p. 39.

[3] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. VI.

[4] Ibid.

[5] Cf. Jn 1:39.

[6] Cf. A. Franchi – M. Piciotti, Amati, un’esperienza possibile. Storie di persone semplici, San Paolo, Cinisello Balsamo (MI) 2025.

[7] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 3.

[8] Jn 1:38.

[9] Cf. Mk 1:22; 1:27; Mt 7:28-29; Lk 4:32; 4:36; Jn 7:46.

[10]

Cf. Jn 1:48; 4:39.

[11] Cf. L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 58.

[12] Ibid.

[13] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 87.

[14] Cf. Jn 15:11; 17:13; Matthew 25:21, 23.

[15] See John 6:68.

[16] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 73.

[17] See L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 105.

[18] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 125: “The conception of human life in Jesus Christ is therefore essentially a tension, a struggle (‘I did not come to bring peace, but a sword’), it is a journey; it is a search—a search for one’s own completeness, that is, for one’s true ‘self.’ There is nothing more anti-Christian than conceiving of life as something comfortable and satisfying.”

[19] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 113.

[20] O. Vanoni, L’appuntamento.

[21] G. Leopardi, Alla sua donna, quoted in Id., All’origine, pp. 130-131.

[22] Cf. Lk 5:11; Mk 1:18; Mt 4:20.

[23] L. Giussani, All’origine, p. 131: “Someone Else has become our measure. There is nothing more humanly desirable than our nature: the life of our nature is love, the affirmation of Another as the meaning of oneself.”

[24] Lk 24:31.

Pierluigi Banna

Pierluigi Banna, born in 1984, is an Italian Catholic theologian and clergyman. He holds a PhD in Systematic Theology and History, teaching at the Faculty of Theology of Northern Italy and Catholic University in Milan. Banna's research focuses on patristics and early Christianity's relationship with ancient philosophy. He actively contributes to academic discourse, exploring faith, reason, and contemporary cultural issues.

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Unity and Peace

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The Abyss Is Not the Enemy